\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{11}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2}Beam properties}{14}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1}Interaction rates}{14}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2}Tau neutrino interactions}{19}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3}Systematic uncertainties on the muon beam and neutrino flux}{19}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4}Event distributions at a near site}{20}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3}Oscillation physics}{24}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1}Theoretical framework}{24}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.1}Neutrino Oscillations in Vacuum}{26}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.2}Three Active Neutrinos Only}{27}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.3}Three Active Flavor Oscillation Scenarios}{30}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.4}Three Active and One Sterile Neutrinos}{33}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.5}Scenarios with Three Active plus One Sterile Neutrino}{36}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2}Where will we be in 5-10 years ?}{37}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.2.1}$\nu _\mu \rightarrow \nu _\tau $, $\nu _s$}{37}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.2.2}$\nu _\mu \leftrightarrow \nu _e$}{39}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.2.3}$\nu _e \rightarrow \nu _\mu $, $\nu _\tau $, $\nu _s$}{40}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.2.4}Summary}{40}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.3}The neutrino factory oscillation physics program}{45}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.4}Detector considerations}{47}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4.1}Muon identification and measurement}{49}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4.2}$\tau $--lepton identification and measurement}{52}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4.3}A Liquid Argon neutrino detector}{53}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4.4}A magnetized Steel/Scintillator neutrino detector}{54}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4.5}A Water Cerenkov detector}{58}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4.6}Specialized $\tau $--lepton detectors}{60}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4.7}Detector summary}{63}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.5}Oscillation measurements}{65}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.5.1}Observation of $\nu _e \rightarrow \nu _\mu $ oscillations and the pattern of neutrino masses}{65}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.5.2}Observation of $\nu _e \rightarrow \nu _\tau $ oscillations}{70}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.5.3}Measurement of $\nu _\mu \rightarrow \nu _\tau $ oscillations}{74}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.5.4}Determination of $\mathop {\mathgroup \symoperators sin}\nolimits ^2 2\theta _{13}$, $\mathop {\mathgroup \symoperators sin}\nolimits ^2 2\theta _{23}$, and $\delta m^2_{32}$}{74}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.5.5}Search for CP violation}{85}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.6}Summary}{88}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4}Non--Oscillation Physics}{90}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1}Possible detector configurations and statistics}{91}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2}Neutrino Scattering Kinematics}{92}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.3}Total cross section Measurements}{95}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4}Structure function measurements}{96}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.5}Perturbative QCD}{97}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.6}Nuclear Effects}{98}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.7}Spin Structure}{100}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.8}Charm Production and $D^0- \overline {D}^0$ Mixing}{104}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.9}Precision Electroweak Measurements}{106}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.10}Heavy Lepton Mixing}{112}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.11}Neutrino Magnetic Moments}{113}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12}Exotic processes}{118}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.13}Summary}{120}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5}Summary and Recommendations}{122}